Advancing Global Healthcare Through Integrated Health Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Collaborative, AI-Enabled, and Patient-Centered Models

Integrated health systems are becoming essential for addressing the complex challenges of global healthcare delivery. This review synthesizes current evidence on the evolution, design, and implementation of integrated health frameworks across diverse geographical and socioeconomic contexts. The paper highlights how multidisciplinary collaboration, data-driven decision-making, and AI-enabled tools are reshaping care continuity, improving patient outcomes, and strengthening health system resilience. Key innovations—such as unified electronic health records, telemedicine expansion, and cross-sector coordination—are explored alongside barriers including infrastructure limitations, workforce capacity, and policy constraints. The review underscores the need for equitable access, interoperability, and patient-centered approaches to achieve sustainable reform. Ultimately, integrated health systems offer a transformative pathway toward efficient, inclusive, and globally responsive healthcare delivery.